Our ancestors ate raw fruits and vegetables and after the invention of fire, they cooked it. Man practiced civilization and began cultivation. It was the birth of new era in human’s life. Modern man made it easy and profitable with the inventions of machines and research in the field. Even though cultivation and agriculture lands are giving way to urban civilization, still many people earn a lot from the field. The major crops cultivated are rice, wheat and corn. Out of these, rice and wheat are the staple food of a majority of population.
Once when the wheat is ready for harvest, the stalks bend down due to the weight of kernel. The kernels are separated from the stalk and is made to dry under the sun for some time. This wheat is then powdered into flour. There are many classifications of flour depending on what part of the seed is used and how hard the endosperm is. Wheat kernel has three parts- the small germ, the large endosperm, and the rough outer casing called bran. These features are common for all wheat species including durum wheat that is hardest among all. Hard wheat is used for making pasta and bread, and soft wheat is used where no gluten content is needed.
Durum wheat is a type of wheat that is high in protein, gluten, and generally very firm and strong. Kernels of durum are usually large and amber colored. When durum wheat is finely grounded after drying it under sun for few hours, it is known as durum wheat flour which is very tasty and helps in making a variety of recipes. This flour is used in making pasta, noodles and for baked foods because of its density and cooking quality. Pasta made of durum flour is yellow in color due to the wheat’s yellow endosperm. It is rich in niacin, iron, starch and protein.
Usually breads are made from other wheat species. The bread made from soft wheat flour has a shorter shelf life. It should be consumed within 2 or 3 days. The bread made from durum flour is gaining prominence due to its longer expiry time than the normal ones. Its higher water binding capacity, along with the sourdough added at the initial stages of fermentation helps to protect the bread from going stale quickly. It can be kept fresh for about five to seven days. Its high gluten content makes the dough coarser and extensible are widely accepted by customers who are not living in the production area.
Durum wheat flour is not only famous for its long storage life. It is good in taste, has a pleasant aroma and high nutritional value. Durum flour contains large amount of carbohydrates and proteins and is a zero cholesterol food product. A lot of tasty recipes can be made from flour dough by adding your favorite vegetables and spices. These features make durum wheat flour special among wheat species.